下载全文：https://ijabe.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/7922

青贮玉米收获机喂入与切碎装置优化设计与试验

陈美舟1，徐广飞2，魏懋健1，李晓伟1，魏元振3，刁培松1⋇，崔培德1，滕绍民3

（1. 山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院，淄博255000，山东，中国；

2. 聊城大学机械与汽车工程学院，聊城252000，山东，中国；

3. 山东农业机械科学研究院，济南250000，中国；

4. 中机美诺科技股份有限公司，北京100010，中国）

摘要：卧式喂入装置和平板式切碎装置是青贮玉米收获机的关键组成部分。为了解决喂入堵塞，降低切碎能耗，提高切碎质量，该研究设计了一种卧式差径五辊喂入装置并对平板式动刀切碎装置的结构及工作参数进行了优化分析。通过对卧式差径五辊喂入装置进行动力学分析，确定喂入速度范围为2.0~4.5 m/s。对平板式动刀切碎装置的结构进行分析，获得了实际与理论动刀刃曲线方程并明确了定刀的位置。以喂入速度、切碎滚筒转速和喂入量为影响因素，以标准草长率（SGLR）和单位质量能耗（ECPUM）为评价指标进行了单因素和响应面正交台架试验。当喂入速度为3.39 m/s、切碎滚筒转速为1016.7 r/mim、喂入量为8.04 kg/s、喂入方向52.2°时，得到**切碎性能为标准草场率95.63%，单位质量能耗37.63 kJ/kg。经验证，采用圆整参数组合的试验结果与预测值的相对误差小于5%。台架试验验证了优化后喂入与切碎装置的可靠性。可见，卧式差径五辊喂入装置和优化后的平板式动刀切碎装置能够满足机械化青贮收获的要求，明显提高了青贮收获的工作质量，降低了切碎能耗。

关键词：青贮玉米；喂入装置；切碎装置；标准草长率；能耗

DOI：10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.7922

引用信息： Chen M Z, Xu G F, Wei M J, Li X W, Wei Y Z, Diao P S, et al. Optimization design and experiment on feeding and chopping device of silage maize harvester. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(3): 64–77.

（卧式差径五辊喂入装置示意图）

Optimization design and experiment on feeding and chopping device of silage maize harvester

Meizhou Chen1 , Guangfei Xu2 , Maojian Wei1 , Xiaowei Li2 , Yuanzhen Wei3 , Peisong Diao1* , Peide Cui1 , Shaomin Teng4

(1. College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China;

2. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, China;

3. Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences, Jinan 250000, China;

4. Menoble Co., Ltd., Beijing 100010, China)

Abstract：Horizontal feeding devices and plate hob chopping devices are the key component of silage maize harvester. To solve the problem of feeding blockage, reduce energy consumption, and improve the chopping quality of the chopping device a horizontal different diameter five-rollers device (HDDFD) was designed and the plate hob chopping device was simultaneously optimized and analyzed. Through the dynamic analysis, the feeding conveying speed was determined to be 2.0-4.5 m/s. The distance equation of the actual and theoretical cutting-edge curve and the position of the fixed blade were finally obtained. Single factor and response surface orthogonal tests in the bench site were carried out with feeding speed, rotating speed of chopping cylinder, feeding amount, and feeding direction as influencing factors, standard grass length rate (SGLR), and energy consumption per unit mass (ECPUM) as evaluation indexes. The optimal working parameters for chopping performance could be concluded as a feeding speed of 3.39 m/s, rotating speed of the chopping cylinder of 1016.17 r/min, feeding amount of 8.04 kg/s, and feeding direction of 52.2°. In addition, the SGLR and ECPUM were obtained as 95.35% and 37.63 kJ/kg, respectively. The relative error between the experimental results with round parameter combination and the predicted value was verified to be less than 5%. Field tests verified the reliability of the optimized feeding and chopping device. It can be seen that the HDDFD and optimized plate hob chopping device can meet the requirements of mechanized silage harvesting which obviously improves the working quality and reduce the energy consumption of chopping.

Keywords: silage maize, feeding device, chopping device, stand grass length ratio, energy consumption

DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231603.7922

Citation: Chen M Z, Xu G F, Wei M J, Li X W, Wei Y Z, Diao P S, et al. Optimization design and experiment on feeding and chopping device of silage maize harvester. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(3): 64–77.